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Problem Framing: Define the Gap before Choosing a Solution

Summary

Learn to frame a problem with a specific audience and situation, distinguish observations from assumptions, and compare solutions against the actual gap.

Published

Define the Problem before Selecting a Solution

Problem framing defines who is affected and the gap between the current and intended situation. The framing shapes what evidence to collect and which solutions to compare.

Building a feature because usage is low assumes a cause. Record the observation separately from your explanation of it.

Specify Who Is Affected and When

For low signup volume, investigate reach, understanding of eligibility, and abandonment during entry. These problems require different changes.

GOV.UK discovery examines the problem before development. (GOV.UK: Discovery) Even an existing proposal needs a clear account of the problem it addresses.

Separate Observations from Possible Causes

Abandonment during entry is observable; too many fields is a possible explanation requiring investigation. Missing information or unclear instructions may also explain it.

Attach an evidence need to each assumption. Record the measurement period and conditions for later comparisons.

Compare Options against the Defined Gap

Compare instructions, intake conditions, and interface changes against likely causes and cost. Ease of implementation alone may leave the cause untouched.

Review the same situation after the change. Keep the public explanation aligned with the updated conditions.

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Frequently asked questions

Q: How do problems differ from solutions?

A: A problem describes the affected person and gap; a solution describes a proposed change.

Q: What if the cause is unknown?

A: List possible explanations and their evidence needs instead of assuming one cause.

Q: Must there be only one problem?

A: Make the current investigation explicit and record related problems separately.

Q: Can the problem framing change?

A: Yes when new evidence emerges. Record what changed and why.

Sources

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